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The astrolabe, an astronomical instrument, was the chief navigation instrument until the compass in the 12th century and the invention of the sextant in the 18th century. The astrolabe was used to locate and predict the positions of the Sun, Moon, planets and stars; determine local time given local longitude and vice-versa; surveying; and triangulation. In the Islamic world, they were used primarily for astronomical studies. Astrolabes were also used by astrologers to construct horoscopes.
• Time and Astrolabe in the Canterbury Tales
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Camel Caravan Silhouette at Dawn, Silk Road, China
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Scenic view of western Nebraska landscape along the Oregon Trail
National Geographic
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National Geographic’s decorative and educational “World Explorer Map” depicts nations in sharp, rich colors, and mountains in shaded relief. The precise, up-to-date political map is artistically detailed with charts describing world land masses and populations. Using the Winkel Tripel projection technique, which reduces the distortion of land masses near the poles, cartographers created an accurate rendering of a sphere on a flat surface. Inset charts list the largest cities and countries, printed at a scale of 1 inch to every 820 miles.
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Discovering the Potato -
The first Europeans to see the potato was Pedro de Cieza de Leon (1518–1560) Spanish Conquistador and historian, in 1540. Sir Walter Raleigh introduced the potato, a food that was considered fit only for the poor, to Ireland in 1589.
• more food posters
• potato clay & potato stamps for crafts
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The Eagle Has Landed Wall Poster-
"Houston, Tranquility Base here. The Eagle has landed." Buzz Aldrin
“That’s one small step for a man,
one giant leap for mankind.” Neil Armstrong
• Astronaut posters
• moon posters
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Francisco de Almeida
b. c. 1450; Lisbon, Portugal
d. 3-1-1510; Cape of Good Hope
Francisco de Almeida, a Portuguese nobleman, soldier and explorer was appointed as the first governor and viceroy of the Portuguese State of India (Estado da Índia).
• India & Portugal: Cultural Interactions
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Pedro de Alvarado
b. c. 1495; Spain
d. 7-4-1541; Guadalajara, New Spain
Pedro de Alvarado, a Spanish conquistador and second in command to Cortes, was known for his skill as a soldier. His wife, Beatriz de la Cueva de Ubeda, succeeded his governorship of Guatemala after his death; she died several month later during the September 1541 eruption of the Guatemalan “de Agua” volcano.
• Pedro de Alvarado, Conquistador
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Roy Chapman Andrews
b. 1-26-1884; Beloit, Wisconsin
d. 3-11-1960; California
Roy Chapman Andrews, explorer, adventurer and naturalist, wrote “I was born to be an explorer. . . There was never any decision to make. I couldn't do anything else and be happy.” Chapman was the first to discover fosselized dinosaur eggs in Mongolia; he was also became the director of the American Museum of Natural History after his beginning position was a janitor in the taxidermy department.
• Dragon Hunter: Roy Chapman Andrews and the Central Asiatic Expeditions
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