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Marian Anderson
b. 2-27-1897; Philadelphia, PA
d. 4-8-1993; Oregon
Marian Anderson, considered by many to be one of the greatest contraltos ever, gained her first public renown in 1925 when she appeared as a soloist with the New York Philharmonic. Because of race discrimination in United States Anderson spent the next dozen years touring Europe and South America, where she became a major star. Her concert at the Lincoln Memorial in 1939 was a peak event in raising the national consciousness about race and equality.
• more opera singers
• Black History posters
• Women Who Dared I composite poster
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BOOKS ABOUT WOMEN & MUSIC
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Joan Baez
b. 1-9-1941; Staten Isl, NY
Folk singer Joan Chandos Baez is known for her songs that deal with social issues and her activism in civil and human rights, nonviolence, and environmentalism.
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Pearl Bailey
b. 3-29-1918; Virginia
d. 8-17-1990; Philadelphia
Singer and actress Pearl Bailey began her career in vaudeville, making her Broadway debut in the musical St. Louis Woman in 1946. She played “Frankie” in the film version of Carmen Jones, “Maria” in the film version of Porgy and Bess, and “Aunt Hagar” in the movie St. Louis Blues. Bailey won a Tony Award for the title role in the all-black production of Hello, Dolly! in 1968.
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Amy Marcy Cheney Beach
b. 9-5-1867; Henniker, NH
d. 12-27-1944; Cincinnati, OH
Amy Marcy Cheney Beach was a pianist and first successful American female composer of large-scale art music.
She was a child prodigy, and primarly self taught, who stopped performing due to the wishes of her physician husband. Most of her compositions and performances were under the name Mrs. H.H.A. Beach.
She spent her later years being supportive of young musicians.
• Amy Beach: Songs, CD
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Mary Jane Blige
b. 1-11-1971; The Bronx, NY
Mary j. Blige, singer, record producer, and actress, has won nine Grammy Awards, received the World Music Legends Award for hip hop and soul, selling over 48 million records worldwide (2008).
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Lottie Collins (1866-1910) was a British music hall entertainer best known for her skirt dancing while singing Ta-ra-ra-Boom-de-ay! The tune is very familiar - think Howdy Doody. Collins was sister-in-law to soprano Maggie Teyte.
• Dance posters
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Rosemary Clooney
b. 5-23-1928; Maysville, KY
d. 6-29-2002; Beverly Hill, CA (lung cancer)
Rosemary Clooney, a singer and actress, is remembered for her role in the classic movie White Christmas and being the aunt of George Cloney.
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Celine Dion
b. 3-30-1968; Quebec, Canada
Celine Dion was a teen star in the French-speaking world before her first anglophone recording in 1990 established her as a pop artist in the English-speaking countries.
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Célestine Galli-Marié in the role of Carmen in 'Carmen'
• more Carmen posters
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Mary Garden
b. 2-20-1874; Scotland
d. 1-3-1967
Mary Garden was called “The Sarah Bernhardt of Opera”.
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Adelaide Hall
b. 10-20-1901; Brooklyn
d. 11-7-1993; London
Adelaide Hall, who was taught to sing by her father, worked in black revues from the chorus of the Broadway musical Shuffle Along (1921) to Blackbirds of 1928, with the song “I Can't Give You Anything But Love, Baby”.
Hall lived in Europe where opportunities for black performers were more available, after the Blackbirds tour of Europe, settling in England. She had a radio show and appeared on stage and in films and nightclubs. She made her last recording at age 90 in 1991.
• Underneath a Harlem Moon: The Harlem to Paris Years of Adelaide Hall
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Lena Horne
b. 6-30-1917; Brooklyn, NY
Singer and actress Lena Horne recorded and performed extensively, both independently and with other jazz notables such as Artie Shaw and Duke Ellington. She is especially remembered for her recording “Stormy Weather” and performance in the movie musical “Cabin in the Sky”. Horne is also a descendent of Kentucky statesman Henry Clay.
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Loretta Lynn, née Webb
b. 4-18-1934; Butcher Hollow, KY
Loretta Lynn, a country music singer-songwriter was one of the leading country vocalists and songwriters during the 1960s. Her 1976 autobiography, Coal Miner's Daughter, was made into an Academy Award-winning film in 1980.
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Fanny Cäcilie Mendelssohn
b. 11-14-1805; Hamburg
d. 5-14-1847
Fanny Cäcilie Mendelssohn, sister of Felix Mendelssohn, was a composer and pianist of considerable skill. She married painter Wilhelm Hensel, and as her father instructed her, “Music . . . for you it can and must be only an ornament”.
• Fanny Mendelssohn-Hensel: Das Jahr (The Year)
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Della Reese, née Delloreese Patricia Early
b. 7-6-1931; Detroit, Michigan
Della Reese, who began her career as a gospel singer with Mahalia Jackson, and moved into jazz in the 1950s, is well known as an actress in the TV series, “Touched by an Angel”.
• Della Reese at Amazon.com
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Linda Ronstadt
b. 7-15-1946; Tucson, AZ
Linda Ronstadt is a popular music vocalist and entertainer winning multiple Grammy Awards, two Academy of Country Music awards, an Emmy Award, an ALMA Award, in addition to Tony Award and Golden Globe nominations.
• Della Reese at Amazon.com
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Lillian Russell
née Helen Louise Leonard
b. 12-4-1860; Clinton, IA
d. 6-2-1922; Pennsylvania
Lillian Russell, as one of the best known and popular entertainers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, was the first voice to be carried over Alexander Graham Bell's long distance telephone lines - she sang in New York to audiences in Boston and Washington, D.C., May 8, 1890.
Russell was also an advocate of women's suffrage (her mother was the first woman to run for mayor of New York City), and did Marine recruitment and fundraising for the United States World War I effort.
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Nina Simone,
née Eunice Kathleen Waymon
b. 2-21-1933; Tryon, NC
d. 4-21-2003; France
Nina Simone was a singer, songwriter, pianist and civil rights activist usually associated with jazz.
• Nina Simone at Amazon.com
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Sophie Tucker
b. 11-13-1884; Russia
d. 2-9-1966; US
Sophie Tucker (Sophia Abuza née Kalish) was a very popular American vaudeville singer and comedienne with occcasional film roles.
Famous quote: “I've been rich and I've been poor. Believe me, honey, rich is better.”
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Ethel Waters
b. 10-31-1896, Chester, PA
d. 9-1-1977, CA
Ethel Waters was born in Chester, Pennsylvania, into unhappy circumstances. Her mother was just 12 years old, and Waters was raised in poverty in Philadelphia by her grandmother. Still in her teens, Ethel was already divorced and working as a chambermaid for $4.75 a week when her friends convinced her to sing at an amateur night competition at a local club. She won first prize and a steady job, and soon she was performing on the black vaudeville circuit. She was billed as "Sweet Mama Stringbean" because she was tall and skinny.
Waters began to record blues songs at the beginning of the Harlem Renaissance in 1919, and by 1921 she was a huge star. Her single "Down Home Blues" sold more than 500,000 copies in six months, and she drew rave reviews for her Broadway appearances in two important black revues, Africana and Blackbirds of 1928. But she never lived in luxury. In fact, she gave away most of her money to Harlem's poor. "There's an old saying that charity begins at home," she said, "and all Harlem is home to me."
Ethel Waters career lasted much longer than the Harlem Renaissance itself. She remained a popular stage, screen, and radio actress for many years. In the early 1950s, she played the title role on the television show Beulah – the first national TV show that featured an African American as its main character. Waters also received two Academy Award nominations for her work in the movies Pinky (1938) and A Member of the Wedding (1953), and she wrote two autobiographies. She died in 1977.
• more Harlem Renaissance posters
• more Black Entertainers posters
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Mary Lou Williams, née Mary Elfrieda Scruggs
b. 5-8-1910; Atlanta, GA
d. 5-28-1981; Durham, NC (cancer)
Self taught pianist Mary Lou Williams grew up in Pennsylvania, working as early as age six to help support her large family. She wrote hundreds of compositions and arrangements, and recorded over a hundred records with such greats as Duke Ellington and Benny Goodman, as well as being a friend, mentor, and teacher to Thelonious Monk, Charlie Parker, and Dizzy Gillespie.
• Mary Lou Williams on Culture Map poster
• Piano Lesson collage by Romare Bearden
• Live at the Keystone Korner, CD
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