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“Memories of our lives, of our works and our deeds will continue in others.”
Rosa Parks
Called the Mother of the Modern Civil Rights Movement Rosa Louise McCauley Parks was born Feb. 4, 1913, in Tuskegee, Alabama to James and Leona McCauley. Mrs. Parks passed away on October 24, 2005 in Detroit, Michigan.
Rosa Parks was the first woman to lie in state in the U.S. Capitol Rotunda.
Rosa grew up on a small farm with her mother, brother and grandparents. She attended a one room school for African American children that went up to the 6th grade and met only five months a year. When she was eleven Rosa went off to Montgomery to continue school but had to return home when she was 16 to help care for her grandmother, and then her mother.
In 1932 Rosa married Raymond Parks and with his help she graduated from high school in 1934. Raymond was a barber and Rosa a seamtress, they both worked for the NAACP chapter in Montgomery. In 1943 Rosa was appointed secretary of the branch and later its youth leader.
On December 1, 1955 Rosa refused to give up her seat on the bus to a white person and was arrested. Rosa was not the first person arrested for failing to giving up their seat, but she was the best known because of her work with the local NAACP. When the black community found out about the arrest, the young minister at the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. called a meeting where a boycott of the bus system was called. Her action of not giving up her seat to a white passenger sparked the 381-day Montgomery, Alabama bus boycott, and, eventually the Supreme Court’s ruling in November 1956 that segregation on transportation is unconstitutional.
Rosa Parks was awarded the Medal of Freedom, presented by President Clinton in 1996.
ROSA PARKS BOOKS, VIDEO
Rosa Parks, My Story by Rosa Parks - straightforward, compelling autobiography, Rosa Parks talks candidly about the civil rights movement and her active role in it.
I Am Rosa Parks (Puffin Easy Read) - ages 4-8 .The black woman whose acts of civil disobedience led to the 1956 Supreme Court order to desegregate buses in Montgomery, Alabama, explains what she did and why.
Eyes on the Prize video - One of the essential documentary series from 20th-century television, Eyes on the Prize is an extraordinary, grassroots history of the civil rights movement in 1950s and ’60s America. Leaving punditry and debate to others, this six-hour program concerns itself with the individuals who were there, who participated on the front lines, who witnessed and survived to tell about the crusade's tragedies and victories. Starting with a pair of mid-'50s heroic actions in the South that helped galvanize black and white activism against institutional racism (actions that included Rosa Parks’s refusal to give up her bus seat to a white passenger in Montgomery, Alabama), the series winds its way through the exponential growth of the movement to the passage of the Voting Rights Act and beyond. The epochal battle between states-rights advocates and federal authorities is well-covered, as are the many sacrifices made and enormous risks taken by Mississippi Freedom Riders and advocates of black voter registration. Also in this boxed set is the series’ sequel, Eyes on the Prize II: America at the Racial Crossroads 1965-mid 1980s. An equally stirring, eight-hour history of the post-civil-rights years, in which hard-won political power manifested itself both inside and outside elected government offices, this follow-up traces the fracturing of a unified civil rights community into numerous missions and agendas. Driven by interviews and archival footage, the series takes a clear look at such historical chapters as the rise of black separatism, the election of Carl Stokes to Cleveland’s Office of the Mayor, and the turmoil of school desegregation. Both the original series and sequel are an absolute must for a contemporary understanding of racism in America.
The Long Haul: An Autobiography by Myles Horton -Primarily a treatise on the beliefs which governed Horton's life, rather than a traditional autobiography, the book describes Horton's life from a Depression-era Tennessee family to the founding of the Highlander Folk School to a world-renowned position in the field of community education. Rosa Parks, Martin Luther King, Jr., Ralph Abernathy, Pete Seeger, Woody Guthrie, Saul Alinsky, and Eleanor Roosevelt gained inspiration at Highlander.
LINKS FOR LEARNING: ROSA PARKS
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