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The Impressionists Art History Posters
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educational posters > art > Early Impressionists > The Impressionists < Post Impressionists < art education resource links < social studies
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The term "Impressionism" was coined to describe the work of painters who strove to capture the changing qualities of light in time using visible brushstrokes of light and pure hues, letting the viewer's eye mix the colors.
The artists who became known as the Impressionists broke the traditional rule of the French Académie des beaux-arts (Academy of Fine Arts) when they emphasized day-to-day existence rather than the structured religious, historic and allegorical subjects.
The Impressionist chose to paint outdoors (plein-air) to experience the light and incorporated open compositions with surprising angles that suggested the "snapshots" of a camera - that new invention which allowed anyone, not just a trained artist, to create a picture with light.
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Jean Frédéric Bazille
b. 12-6-1841, Montpellier, France;
d. 11-28-1870; Franco-Prussian war casualty
Bazille came from a wealthy family of art patrons and even as a student of Swiss painter Charles Gleyre in Paris, was able to give support to some fellow students such as Renoir, Sisley and Monet. Bazille best known painting is Family Reunion (1867-68).
• Bazille: Purity, Pose, and Painting in the 1860s
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| BOOKS ABOUT IMPRESSIONISM & IMPRESSIONISTS |
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Gustave Caillebotte
b. 8-19-1848, France
d. 2-21-1894, France
Caillebotte was best remember as a supporter of the arts, stamp collector, and yacht engineer. He is now recognized as having made signifcant contributions as a painter in his own right.
• Gustave Caillebotte
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Mary Cassatt
b. 5-22-1844, Pennsylvania;
d. 6-14-1926, France
Mary Cassatt, best known for her work depicting mothers, children and domestic situations, was the only American to exhibit with the Impressionists.
• more Mary Cassatt posters
• more women artists posters
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Paul Cezanne
b. 1-19-1839, Aix-en-Provence
d. 10-22-1906, France
Paul Cezanne is most often thought of as a post-Impressionist, and the bridge between the Impressionists and Cubism, however he had a deep friendship with Camile Pissarro and painted with Renoir.
• Cezanne at Amazon.com
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Edgar Degas
b. 7-19-1834; France
d. 9-27-1917
Though Degas thought of himself as a "Realist" with Corot and Courbet, he is regarded as one of the founders of Impressionism because of his experimentation with color and form, "off-centered" compositions, scenes of daily life, and friendship with Mary Cassatt and Edouard Manet. Over half of Degas large body of works of art were of dancers.
• more horses in art posters
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Giuseppe De Nittis
b. 2-25-1846; Italy
d. 8-12-1884 (stroke)
Giuseppe De Nittis, an Italian painter whose work merged the styles of Salon art and Impressionism, was invited to exhibit at the first show of the Impressionists.
After being expelled from the Instituto di Belle Arti in Naples for insubordination, De Nittis exhibited two paintings at the 1864 Neapolitan Promotrice. He painted several views of Vesuvius' 1872 eruption.
• more volcano posters
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Eva Gonzales -
b. 4-19-1849; France
d. 5-6-1883; childbirth complications
Eva Gonzales, the only formal student of Manet, is considered an Impressionist though she never exhibited with the group (following her teacher's lead). She often used her sister, as well as her husband, as models.
• more bird posters
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Armand Guillaumin -
b. 2-16-1841; France
d. 6-26-1927
Armand Guillaumin, while not the best known Impressionist, actively participated in the life of the art and Impressionist community and had close friendships with Pissarro, Cezanne, and Van Gogh. Though he could not support himself with his art, Guillaumin never abandoned his passion, choosing to work nights so he could paint during the day.
• Armand Guillaumin Exhibit Catalogue Monograph
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Childe Hassam -
b. 10-17-1859; Boston, MA
d. 8-27-1935; East Hampton, NY
Frederick Childe Hassam was an American Impressionist painter.
• Childe Hassam, American Impressionist
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Edouard Manet -
b. 1-23-1832; Paris
d. 4-30-1883; Paris
• Edouard Manet at Amazon.com
• 'The Fifer' print
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Claude Monet
b. 11-14-1840, Paris
d. 12-5-1926, Giverny
• more Claude Monet posters
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Berthe Morisot
b. 1-14-1841; France
d. 3-2-1895; Franceavailable at-
AllPosters.com
Berthe Morisot exhibited in the official Paris Académie des beaux-arts beginning in 1864 until 1874 when she joined with the rejected artists who formed the first Impressionist exhibit.
Morisot was friends with Edouard Manet, introducing him to plein air painting. Morisot married Eugene Manet, brother of Edouard.
• more Reading in Art posters
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Camile Pissarro -
b. 7-10-1830; St. Thomas
d. 11-13-1903; France
Pissarro is known as the "Father of Impressionism", painting rural and urban landscapes from Pontoise and Montmartre, as well as peasants and laborers revealing his radical political leanings. Pissaro listed himself as a student of Corot and was a mentor to Paul Cézanne and Paul Gauguin.
• Camille Pissarro "Autumn"
• Camile Pissarro at Amazon.com
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Pierre Auguste Renoir
b. 2-25-1841; France
d. 12-3-1919; Franceavailable at-
Art.com
Pierre Auguste Renoir was one of the founding Impressionists and a student of Charles Gleyre where he met Bazille, Monet and Sisley.
Renoir's works are notable for vibrant light and saturated color, focusing primarily on people in intimate and candid compositions. The female nude is one of Renoir's favorite subjects. One of his models, Suzanne Valadon, became a noted painter in her own right.
As a boy Renoir worked in a porcelain factory where his drawing talents led to him to painting designs on fine china and decorating fans as well as painting hangings for overseas missionaries.
• Pierre Auguste Renoir at Amazon.com
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Alfred Sisley
b. 10-30-1839; Paris
d. 1-29-1899; Paris
Alfred Sisley was born in Paris to English parents, he lived most of his life in France. He studied with Gleyre and painted in Barbizon.
• Edouard Manet at Amazon.com
• 'The Fifer' print
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Title Page for the Catalogue of the 6th Impressionist Exhibition, 1881, Giclee Print
available at-
AllPosters.com
Art.com
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Caricature of the First Impressionist Exhibition in Paris, 'Revolution in Painting!, Giclee Print
available at-
AllPosters.com
Art.com
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Caricature About Impressionist Painting, 'Mr Impressionist Painter, Where Have You Learned Your Art?, Giclee Print
available at-
AllPosters.com
Art.com
• van Gogh posters
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